Plaosan temple indonesia

Plaosan temple located in Hamlet Plaosan Prambanan Village District Bugisan approximately 1 km to the east of the temple Sewu. This Buddhist temple consists of two main temples are located side by side, each has his own foundation. Temple is located on the left called Plaosan Lor (north) Temple and temples located on the right side of the temple called the South Plaosan.

Relief carving is located in the southern part of the temple represent the male and the other temples of the women described. Another specialty of this temple is the temple Perwata that mimics the form of stupas.

 

Plaosan Temple "kidul" (South)
South Plaosan temple consists of two main buildings. Some of Kala Makara antefixe and decorated with entrance, is decorated with plant motifs.

Plaosan temple "Lor" (north)
Candi Lor Plaosan consists of two main temples with a height of 21 meters. Long walls of the temple along the 50 meters and 14 meters wide. On this wall was a picture of Bodhisattvas, gods Kinnara and some women
                                                  
Each temple has 6 rooms that are divided into 2 levels. In the room downstairs there is a statue of Buddha made of copper, but now it is gone, which is surrounded by two Bodhisattva statues. Relief on the wall describe the provision. Relic and consecrated objects were upstairs.
In the large room near the second building there is a statue of Buddha in various forms.

Kalasan Temple in Indonesia

Kalasan Temple is located 50 meters to the south of Road Yogya - Solo, precisely in Kalibening, Village Tirtomartani, Kalasan District, Yogyakarta Sleman regency.

The temple building has a 34 meters high, long and 45 meters wide is composed of three parts, namely the bottom or foot of the temple, the body of the temple and the roof of the temple. The bottom of the foot of the temple is a temple which stood on a stone base of a square with a size of 45 meters and a wide shelf. In this part of the staircase entrance decorated with makara at the end of the stairs. All around the foot of the temple are decorated tendrils coming out of a vase or urn.

Body temple square with some appearance of bulging out at the sides. In the southeast there is a booth that can be entered through the east side of the booth viewer. In the rooms, there are decorated with patterns singgasanabersandaran lion standing on the back of an elephant. On the outside of the body temple is decorated with niches of the god figure in standing position by holding a lotus flower.

At each entrance, from the north and south, there are decorations kala. At the crest there are decorative flower buds, leaves and tendrils. The top of the decorated tree and the painting gods and their occupants Khayangan clouds playing sounds such as drum carrier, fiddle, shellfish and camara. The roof of the temple there is a cube which is regarded as the summit of Mount Semeru there are several stupas surrounding.

Boundary between the roof and the body temple flower terdpat the form makhlukkayangan dwarf called gana. The roof of this temple was octagonal in shape and comprises two levels. On each side of the first level there is a statue depicting the Buddha and Buddhist people in the two described Yani Buddha. For example Yani Ratnasembawa Buddha residing in the south side. Bagiana top of the stupa possibility, but did not succeed because many of reconstructed stone is gone.

Around the temple there is a high stupa with approximately 4.60 and amounted to 52 pieces. These stupas can not be rebuilt karenasudah many missing stones. The specialty of this temple is on the surface of the rock layers are called Brajalepha.

Kalasan temple is the oldest Buddhist relics in the area of Yogyakarta and Central Java as an offering to the goddess Tara. Construction of a temple can be seen from the temple inscriptions of Saka 700 or AD 778-lettered lettered Penagari and Sanskrit which states that the establishment of this temple started from the proposals of the Masters of the King who then succeeded in persuading King Tejahpurna Parapkarana (Kariyana Panangkara), mustika Family Syailendra (Syailendra Wangsatikala) , to build a shrine for dewatara and a monastery for pendheta. Then the king presented to the village monasteries Kalasan year 778 AD and is considered as the year of manufacture Kalasan temple.

Mendut Temple in Indonesia

Mendut founded during the reign of King Indra Sailendra dynasty. In the inscription of bertarikh Karangtengah 824 AD, mentioned that the king Indra has built shrine called veluvana which means bamboo forests. By a Dutch archaeologist named J.G. de Casparis, these words related to Mendut.

Architecture of the temple Mendut

Actual temple building materials are brick covered with natural stone. The building is located on a high basement, which looks more elegant and sturdy. Climbed the stairs and the entrance facing southwest. In the basement there are surrounding the hall of the temple body. The roof and decorated three-story with small stupas. The number of small stupas built now is 48 pieces.
Building height is 26.4 meters.

Decoration of Mendut
Decoration found in the form of decorative Mendut intermittent. Decorated with carved celestial beings and angels in the form bidadara, two monkeys and an eagle. On both sides there are stairs reliefs Panchatantra and Jataka stories.
Hariti.

Decorated the temple walls Boddhisatwa in Awalokiteśwara them, Maitreya, Wajrapāṇi and Manjusri. On the wall there are reliefs of the temple body Kalpataru, two angels, Hariti (a yaksi who repent and then follow the Buddha) and Āţawaka.
Buddha in dharmacakramudra position.

In the main temple there is a large Buddhist statues of three: the Dhyani Buddha with his hand Wairocana (mudra) dharmacakramudra. In front of the Buddha statues there were wheel-shaped relief and flanked by a pair of deer, the symbol of Buddha. On the left there is a statue Awalokiteśwara (Padmapāņi) and Wajrapāņi right statue. Now in front of the statue of Buddha placed hio-hio and baskets to contribute. The visitors could light an incense and prayed here.

Chronology of the discovery
    * 1836 - Found and dibersikan
    * 1897 - 1904 feet and the body of the temple repaired but less satisfactory results.
    * 1908 - Corrected by Theodoor van Erp. Peak can be reconstructed.
    * 1925 - number of stupas rearranged

Source: Wikipedia

Sukuh Temple in Indonesia

Sukuh Temple is seen in manufacturing, ie 1437 AD, is the youngest of Hindu temples in Indonesia. Built in the fall of Majapahit era driven by the Islamic armies of the Sultanate of Demak.

 

Majapahit kingdom based in East Java has a heritage which was still firmly stands in the Central Java region, precisely in the slopes of Mount Lawu. Interestingly, this temple is said to be the most erotic temples around the world. Why?

Travel to Temple Sukuh I travel from the Karanganyar. Lawu up to the slopes, taking the same direction with the Tawangmangu. Exact location in the District Sukuh. Quite easily find, because this temple has become the identity for the citizens Karanganyar District.

Because standing in the altitude, fresh air greeted me as soon as set foot in this Sukuh site. A temple-shaped gate punden first to greet me. A staircase leading to the wide fence held up by two coincide. I'm sure once this is the entrance to the building above it. When I go there, the fence was locked. But the interesting thing is on the floor just at the gate there is a phallus and yoni are facing. Phallus and the yoni is the representation of the genitals of men and women. Often, too, agreed as a symbol of fertility.

It's right at the entrance to this and so in fact make people often call it a taboo temples. In fact, it could be according to the Javanese culture will be a symbol-laden, and yoni phallus placement was as repellent reinforcements for those who want entry into the temple.

According to local belief, phallus and yoni in the gate used to be often used as a means to test the purity of women with stepping symbol. If he uses kebaya cloth torn means that women sanctity, but if the cloth off kebaya, the women were believed to have lost their virginity.

This gate was just an introduction to the temple that is located higher. Since the fence is closed, so I took the path up the stairs next to the gate. Stretched a terrace field enough. Turned around, it will show the panorama from a height of Karanganyar district. Lucky sunny weather at the time. Without hindrance mist that usually have fallen during the day, I could look out into the green valley and houses a la rural.

Before approaching the core of the building, scattered obelisks and reliefs that some of them also had no longer intact. According to the story, here is a ceremony that Ruwatan Hindu tradition is said to be held.

I berbegas into the core of the building and climbed to the top of the top. Narrow staircase hallway just enough for one adult body felt so cold. And on top, with flowers strewn Setaman offerings fresh. Karanganyar community is up to now there are many who believe with the flow and mystical Javanese beliefs. No wonder, this temple is still used for certain rituals.

As for the nickname erotic, but the symbolism of the phallus and yoni in the fence, also appear in relief left. But it seems to have no more. Maybe because it was too vulgar, so relief is no more. Ah too bad. It should be viewed as a culture and can tell you about the condition and the message you want to be when the temple was built. According to the friend who accompanied me to the temple Sukuh, there used to be a statue shaped man was holding his penis was erect this temple in the region. The statue was also no longer exists.

Cetho Temple in Indonesia

Cetho Temple is a Hindu temple relics print end of the Majapahit period (15th century). The first scientific report about it was made by Van de Vlies in 1842. A.J. Bernet Kempers also doing research about it. Excavation (digging) for the purposes of reconstruction was first performed in 1928 by the Archeological Department of the Dutch East Indies. Based on the situation when the debris started to study, this temple has not aged a lot with Sukuh Temple. Location in the village temple Ceto, Gumeng Village, Sub Jenawi, Karanganyar District, at an altitude of 1400m above sea level.

Until now, the temple complex is used by local residents who are Hindus as a place of worship and popular as a sanctuary for those in the original religion of Java / Javanese beliefs.
[edit] Composition of the building
Temple Gate Cetho

When he found the situation of this temple is the stone ruins on the plain fourteen-story, stretching from the west (the lowest) to the east, though currently living in 13 terrace, and the restoration carried out on the porch just nine. Structure terraces will make the emergence of allegations of cultural revival of the original ( "punden berundak") at the time, which is synthesized by the Hindu religion. This suspicion is strengthened by the relief of the body such as the wayang kulit, similar to the description in the temple Sukuh.

The restoration is done by Humardani, Suharto's personal assistant, in the late 1970s changed many of the original structure of the temple, although the concept berundak punden retained. This restoration was much criticized by archaeologists, given that the restoration of archaeological sites can not be done without in-depth study. The new building is the restoration of the magnificent gate in front, the buildings of the hermitage wood, statues Sabdapalon, Nayagenggong, Brawijaya V, and the phallus, and building on the top of the cube punden.

Furthermore, Regent Karanganyar, Rina Iriani, with reason to embellish the passion diversity around the temple, put the statue Goddess Saraswati, the contribution of the Gianyar Regency, in the eastern part of the temple complex.

In the current situation, Cetho temple consists of nine levels berundak. Before the great gate of the temple-shaped moment, visitors find two pairs of statues guard. The first level after the gate into the temple yard. The second level is still a page and here are petilasan Ki Ageng Krincingwesi, Cetho ancestral village community.

At the third level there is a flat stone TATAAN ground depicting a giant tortoise, solar majapahit (allegedly as a symbol of Majapahit), and the symbol of phallus (penis, genitals male) 2 meters long with piercing jewelry (piercing) of type ampallang. The tortoise is a symbol of the creation of the universe while the penis is a symbol of human creation. There are representations of other animals, such as Mimi, frogs, and crabs. Animal symbols available, can be read as suryasengkala dated Saka 1373, or 1451 the modern era.

At the next level can be found at the stone rows of two adjacent terrain containing reliefs Sudhamala story excerpts, as there are in the Temple Sukuh. This story is still popular among the Java community as a basis Ruwatan ceremony. The next level includes two buildings flanking pendapa entrance of the temple. Until now these pendapa-pendapa pelangsungan used as a place of religious ceremonies. At the seventh level of the two statues can be found on the north and south. On the north side of the statue and the south Sabdapalon Nayagenggong, two half-mythical figures (many who think they are actually one person) is believed to be the servants and spiritual advisor to King Brawijaya V.

At the eighth level there is a statue phallus (called "kuntobimo") on the north side and the statue of the King Brawijaya V in the form of Mahadeva. The cult of the phallus statue symbolizes gratitude and hope for fertility of the earth's abundant local. Last level (ninth) is the highest level as a place of prayer climbing. Here there is a cube-shaped stone building.

At the top of the building Cetho Temple there is a building that in the past used as a place to clean themselves before carrying out the ritual worship ceremony (patirtan). Near the temple, with a steep slope, was found again a temple complex by the surrounding community called Temple Kethek ( "Monkey Temple").

Source: wikipedia

Prambanan temple in indonesia

Prambanan temple is incredibly beautiful building built in the 10th century during the reigns of two kings, and Rakai Pikatan and Rakai Balitung. Rose as high as 47 feet (5 meters higher than Borobudur temple), the establishment of this temple has fulfilled the desire maker, shows the triumph of Hinduism in Java. This temple is located 17 kilometers from the city center, in the middle of the area that is now a beautiful park.

There is a legend that Javanese people always tell about this temple. Once, a man named Bandung Bondowoso loved Roro Jonggrang. Because no love, Jonggrang asked Bondowoso make 1000 temples with statues in one night. The request was nearly fulfilled before Jonggrang asked the villagers to pound rice and make a big fire that created an atmosphere like the morning. New Bondowoso can make 999 statues cursed Jonggrang into the statue in 1000 because he felt cheated.

Prambanan temple has 3 main temples in the main yard, namely Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva. These three temples are symbols of Trimurti in Hindu belief. All of them face east. Each main temple has accompanying temple facing to the west, namely Nandini for Shiva, Swan to Brahma, and Garuda for Vishnu. In addition, there are still squeeze 2 temple, the temple curtain 4, and 4 corner temples. Meanwhile, the second page had 224 temples.

Entering the Shiva temple located in the middle and the highest building, you will find a room 4. One main room contains a statue of Shiva, while the other 3 rooms each containing a statue of Durga (Shiva's wife), Agastya (Shiva's teacher), and Ganesha (Shiva's son). Durga is mentioned as the statue of Roro Jonggrang described in the legend above.

In the Vishnu temple is located in the north of Shiva temple, you will only see one room containing a statue of Vishnu. Similarly, the Brahma temple located on the south side of Shiva temple, you will only find one room with a statue of Brahma.

Accompanying temple is Garuda temple lure is located near the Vishnu temple. This temple save the story of a half-bird figure named Garuda. Garuda is a mystical bird in Hindu mythology, who was gold, white-faced, red-winged, beaked and winged like an eagle. Estimated, the figure is Hindu adaptation of Bennu figure (means 'rises' or 'shine', usually associated with the god Re) in ancient Egyptian mythology or Phoenix in Old Greek mythology. Garuda can save his mother from the curse of Aruna (Garuda's brother who was born handicapped) by stealing Tirta Amrita (holy water of the gods).

The ability to save was admired by many people until now and used for various purposes. Indonesia used it to sign the state. That said, the creator of the emblem of Garuda Pancasila find inspiration in this temple. Other countries also use it to sign the country is Thailand, with the same reason but adaptation forms and different appearance. In Thailand, Garuda is known as Pha recruited or recruited.

Prambanan temple also has a load relief Ramayana story. According to experts, the relief was similar to the Ramayana story is revealed through oral traditions. Another interesting relief is Kalpataru tree that the Hindu religion is considered as a tree of life, sustainability and environmental compatibility. In Prambanan, relief of Kalpataru tree is described lions flanking the center. The existence of this tree makes experts consider that the 9th century have wisdom in managing the environment.

Just as the figure of Garuda, Kalpataru is now also used for various purposes. In Indonesia, Kalpataru became a symbol of the Earth (WALHI). In fact, some scientists in Bali to develop the concept of Tri Hita Karana for environmental conservation by seeing Kalpataru relief in this temple. Tree of life also can be found in the mountains that used to open the puppet arts. A proof that the relief panels in Prambanan has worldwide.

If careful, you can also see various birds relief, this time a real bird. Bird reliefs at Prambanan so natural that biologists can identify them even to genus level. One was relief of the Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) that invite questions. Why, the bird is only found in Masakambing Island, an island in the Java Sea. Then, whether the species was once numerous in Yogyakarta? Please find out the answer myself. Because, until now no one who can solve the mystery.

Borobudur Temple in Indonesia

Borobudur was built around 800 BC or 9th century. Borobudur Temple was built by the Mahayana Buddhists during the reign Sailendra. This temple was built in the heyday of Sailendra dynasty. The founder of the Borobudur Temple King Samaratungga from Sailendra dynasty or dynasties. The possibility of this temple was built around 824 AD and was completed around the year 900 AD in the reign of Queen Pramudawardhani who is the daughter of Samaratungga. While architects who contributed to build this temple according to the story of a hereditary named Gunadharma.

Borobudur own words based on the first written evidence, written by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Governor General of the United Kingdom in Java, which gives the name of this temple. There is no written evidence that older who named this temple of Borobudur on. The only document that shows the existence of the oldest temple is Nagarakretagama book, written by mpu Prapanca in 1365. In the book was written that this temple was used as a place of Buddhist meditation.

The meaning of the name Borobudur "abbey in the hills", which comes from the word "bara" (temple or monastery) and "beduhur" (hills or high places) in Sanskrit. Therefore, in accordance with the meaning of the name Borobudur, then this place since long ago used as a place of Buddhist worship.

This temple for centuries no longer used. Then because of volcanic eruptions, most of the buildings covered Borobudur volcanic soil. In addition, the building is covered with trees and shrubs for centuries. Then the building of this temple began in the time-forgotten Islam arrived in Indonesia around the 15th century.

In the year 1814 when the British occupied Indonesia, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles heard of the discovery of huge archaeological objects in the village of Magelang district Bumisegoro. Because of the great interest of the history of Java, then immediately ordered Raffles HC Cornelius, a Dutch engineer, to investigate the discovery of the location was a hill covered with shrubs.

Cornelius assisted by about 200 men cut down trees and remove shrubs that covered the giant building. Because the building is considered fragile and could collapse, then report to the Raffles Cornelius invention includes several images. Since the discovery, Raffles received an award as one who started the restoration of Borobudur and world attention. In 1835, the entire area of the temple has been unearthed. This temple was restored to keep the Dutch colonial period.

After Indonesian independence, in 1956, the Indonesian government requested the assistance of UNESCO to examine the damage to Borobudur. Then in 1963, out of the official Indonesian government's decision to conduct the restoration of Borobudur temple with the help of UNESCO. However, this restoration was only really started to be done on August 10, 1973. The process of restoration was completed in 1984. Since 1991, Borobudur Temple, designated as World Heritage or World Heritage Site by UNESCO.


Borobudur temple is located in Magelang, Central Java, about 40 km from Yogyakarta. Borobudur Temple has 10 levels consisting of 6 levels of a square, circular level 3 circular and a main stupa as a peak. At every level there are several stupas. Altogether there are 72 domes in addition to the main stupa. In every stupa there is a statue of Buddha. Ten levels of Buddhist philosophy which describes the ten levels of Bodhisattva which must pass to reach the perfection of the Buddha in nirvana. This perfection symbolized by the main stupa at the top level. Borobudur structure when viewed from above form a mandala structure depicting Buddhist cosmology and the human thinking.

On the fourth side there is the temple gate and the stairs to the upper level like a pyramid. This illustrates the Buddhist philosophy that all life came from rocks. Stone later became sand, then into plants, then into the insect, then a wild animal and pets, and the last to be human. This process is known as reincarnation. The last process is the soul and finally went into nirvana. Each stage of enlightenment in this life process based on Buddhist philosophy is illustrated in reliefs and statues in the temple of Borobudur.

This huge building just a giant pile of stone blocks which have a total height of 42 meters. Each stone connected without using cement or adhesive. These stones are only connected by patterns and stacked. The base of Borobudur temple is about 118 m on each side. The stones used approximately 55,000 cubic meters. All the stones are taken from the river around the Borobudur Temple. These stones are cut and then transported and connected with a pattern like lego game. All without using glue or cement.

Meanwhile, relief began to be made after these rocks are stacked and connected end. Relief is on the temple walls. Borobudur has different relief 2670. Relief is read clockwise. This relief illustrates a story that I read it starts and ends at the gate to the east. This shows that the main gate of the Borobudur temple facing the east like most other Buddhist temples.